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win7升级到win10系统后，node13升级为node16，node版本node-sass版本与不匹配，导致出现npm ERR! ERESOLVE could not resolve

1. 错误npm ERR! code ERESOLVE

系统从win7升级到win10，之前的node版本是13.14.0，现在版本是16.17.1。正常的vue程序无法正常运行。从网上查询得知"node-sass": "^4.14.1"需要安装python2.7和vs_BuildTools，于是安装python2.7和visual C++2019，设置npm config set python C:\\Users\\Administrator\\.windows-build-tools\\python27\\python.exe。

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运行程序，仍然报错。一气之下删除node_modules文件夹，重新npm安装依赖包。

结果出现npm ERR! ERESOLVE could not resolve错误，如下：

I:\fontend\2\mango-ui>npm install
npm ERR! code ERESOLVE
npm ERR! ERESOLVE could not resolve
npm ERR!
npm ERR! While resolving: extract-text-webpack-plugin@1.0.1
npm ERR! Found: webpack@3.12.0
npm ERR! node_modules/webpack
npm ERR!   dev webpack@"^3.6.0" from the root project      
npm ERR!   peer webpack@"2 || 3 || 4" from babel-loader@7.1.5
npm ERR!   node_modules/babel-loader
npm ERR!     dev babel-loader@"^7.1.1" from the root project
npm ERR!   8 more (file-loader, friendly-errors-webpack-plugin, ...)
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Could not resolve dependency:
npm ERR! peer webpack@"^1.9.11" from extract-text-webpack-plugin@1.0.1
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Fix the upstream dependency conflict, or retry
npm ERR! this command with --force, or --legacy-peer-deps
npm ERR! to accept an incorrect (and potentially broken) dependency resolution.
npm ERR!
npm ERR! See H:\tools\nodejs\node_cache\eresolve-report.txt for a full report.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     H:\tools\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-10-09T13_31_26_126Z-debug-0.log

2.使用npm install --save --legacy-peer-deps安装依赖

npm install --save --legacy-peer-deps

仍然出现错误，如下：

npm ERR! code 1
npm ERR! path I:\fontend\2\mango-ui\node_modules\node-sass
npm ERR! command failed
npm ERR! command C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe /d /s /c C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\postinstall-b.cmd
npm ERR! Building: D:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe I:\fontend\2\mango-ui\node_modules\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js rebuild --verbose --libsass_ext= --libsass_cflags= --l
ibsass_ldflags= --libsass_library=
npm ERR! gyp info it worked if it ends with ok
npm ERR! gyp verb cli [
npm ERR! gyp verb cli   'D:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe',
npm ERR! gyp verb cli   'I:\\fontend\\2\\mango-ui\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js',
npm ERR! gyp verb cli   'rebuild',
npm ERR! gyp verb cli   '--verbose',
npm ERR! gyp verb cli   '--libsass_ext=',
npm ERR! gyp verb cli   '--libsass_cflags=',
npm ERR! gyp verb cli   '--libsass_ldflags=',
npm ERR! gyp verb cli   '--libsass_library='
npm ERR! gyp verb cli ]
npm ERR! gyp info using node-gyp@3.8.0
npm ERR! gyp info using node@16.17.1 | win32 | x64
npm ERR! gyp verb command rebuild []
npm ERR! gyp verb command clean []
npm ERR! gyp verb clean removing "build" directory
npm ERR! gyp verb command configure []
npm ERR! gyp verb check python checking for Python executable "C:\Users\Administrator\.windows-build-tools\python27\python.exe" in the PATH
npm ERR! gyp verb `which` succeeded C:\Users\Administrator\.windows-build-tools\python27\python.exe C:\Users\Administrator\.windows-build-tools\python27\python.exe   
npm ERR! gyp verb check python version `C:\Users\Administrator\.windows-build-tools\python27\python.exe -c "import sys; print "2.7.15
npm ERR! gyp verb check python version .%s.%s" % sys.version_info[:3];"` returned: %j
npm ERR! gyp verb get node dir no --target version specified, falling back to host node version: 16.17.1
npm ERR! gyp verb command install [ '16.17.1' ]
npm ERR! gyp verb install input version string "16.17.1"
npm ERR! gyp verb install installing version: 16.17.1
npm ERR! gyp verb install --ensure was passed, so won't reinstall if already installed
npm ERR! gyp verb install version is already installed, need to check "installVersion"
npm ERR! gyp verb got "installVersion" 9
npm ERR! gyp verb needs "installVersion" 9
npm ERR! gyp verb install version is good
npm ERR! gyp verb get node dir target node version installed: 16.17.1
npm ERR! gyp verb build dir attempting to create "build" dir: I:\fontend\2\mango-ui\node_modules\node-sass\build
npm ERR! gyp verb build dir "build" dir needed to be created? I:\fontend\2\mango-ui\node_modules\node-sass\build
npm ERR! gyp verb find vs2017 Found installation at: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools
npm ERR! gyp verb find vs2017   - Found Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Windows10SDK.
npm ERR! gyp verb find vs2017   - Found Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64
npm ERR! gyp verb find vs2017   - Found Microsoft.VisualStudio.VC.MSBuild.Base
npm ERR! gyp verb find vs2017   - Using this installation with Windows 10 SDK
npm ERR! gyp verb find vs2017 using installation: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools
npm ERR! gyp verb build/config.gypi creating config file
npm ERR! gyp verb build/config.gypi writing out config file: I:\fontend\2\mango-ui\node_modules\node-sass\build\config.gypi
npm ERR! (node:3484) [DEP0150] DeprecationWarning: Setting process.config is deprecated. In the future the property will be read-only.
npm ERR! (Use `node --trace-deprecation ...` to show where the warning was created)
npm ERR! gyp verb config.gypi checking for gypi file: I:\fontend\2\mango-ui\node_modules\node-sass\config.gypi
npm ERR! gyp verb common.gypi checking for gypi file: I:\fontend\2\mango-ui\node_modules\node-sass\common.gypi
npm ERR! gyp verb gyp gyp format was not specified; forcing "msvs"
npm ERR! gyp info spawn C:\Users\Administrator\.windows-build-tools\python27\python.exe
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args [
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'I:\\fontend\\2\\mango-ui\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\gyp\\gyp_main.py',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'binding.gyp',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-f',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'msvs',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-G',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'msvs_version=2015',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-I',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'I:\\fontend\\2\\mango-ui\\node_modules\\node-sass\\build\\config.gypi',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-I',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'I:\\fontend\\2\\mango-ui\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\addon.gypi',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-I',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'C:\\Users\\Administrator\\.node-gyp\\16.17.1\\include\\node\\common.gypi',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dlibrary=shared_library',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dvisibility=default',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_root_dir=C:\\Users\\Administrator\\.node-gyp\\16.17.1',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_gyp_dir=I:\\fontend\\2\\mango-ui\\node_modules\\node-gyp',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_lib_file=C:\\Users\\Administrator\\.node-gyp\\16.17.1\\<(target_arch)\\node.lib',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dmodule_root_dir=I:\\fontend\\2\\mango-ui\\node_modules\\node-sass',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_engine=v8',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '--depth=.',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '--no-parallel',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '--generator-output',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'I:\\fontend\\2\\mango-ui\\node_modules\\node-sass\\build',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Goutput_dir=.'
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args ]
npm ERR! gyp verb command build []
npm ERR! gyp verb build type Release
npm ERR! gyp verb architecture x64
npm ERR! gyp verb node dev dir C:\Users\Administrator\.node-gyp\16.17.1
npm ERR! gyp verb found first Solution file build/binding.sln
npm ERR! gyp verb using MSBuild: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe
npm ERR! gyp info spawn C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args [
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'build/binding.sln',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '/nologo',
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '/p:Configuration=Release;Platform=x64'
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args ]
npm ERR! gyp ERR! UNCAUGHT EXCEPTION
npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack Error: spawn C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe ENOENT
npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (node:internal/child_process:283:19)
npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at onErrorNT (node:internal/child_process:478:16)
npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:83:21)
npm ERR! gyp ERR! System Windows_NT 10.0.
npm ERR! gyp ERR! command "D:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe" "I:\\fontend\\2\\mango-ui\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js" "rebuild" "--verbose" "--libsass_
ext=" "--libsass_cflags=" "--libsass_ldflags=" "--libsass_library="
npm ERR! gyp ERR! cwd I:\fontend\2\mango-ui\node_modules\node-sass
npm ERR! gyp ERR! node -v v16.17.1
npm ERR! gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v3.8.0
npm ERR! gyp ERR! This is a bug in `node-gyp`.
npm ERR! gyp ERR! Try to update node-gyp and file an Issue if it does not help:
npm ERR! gyp ERR!     
npm ERR! Build failed with error code: 7

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     H:\tools\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-10-09T14_15_40_435Z-debug-0.log

查看错误，ERR最早出现仍然是node-sass，猜测仍然是node版本不匹配导致。

3.单独安装node-sass

在网上查询到可以通过单独安装node-sass解决问题，于是单独安装node-sass，如下：

npm install -s node-sass@4.14.1

可以安装node-sass，无错误输出。

运行程序npm run dev，出现下面问题：

I:\fontend\2\mango-ui>npm run dev 
> mango-ui@1.0.0 dev
> webpack-dev-server --inline --progress --config build/webpack.dev.conf.js
'webpack-dev-server' 不是内部或外部命令，也不是可运行的程序或批处理文件。

再次运行npm install --save --legacy-peer-deps，错误依旧。

4.修改package.json，增加 "node": "^13.14.0"

在网上查询了好久都找不到解决方法，考虑到错误原因是node版本升级问题。于是自己尝试将"node": "^13.14.0"添加到package.json中"devDependencies"项下。

"devDependencies": {
  "autoprefixer": "^7.1.2",
  "babel-core": "^6.22.1",
  "babel-helper-vue-jsx-merge-props": "^2.0.3",
  "babel-loader": "^7.1.1",
  "babel-plugin-syntax-jsx": "^6.18.0",
  "babel-plugin-transform-runtime": "^6.22.0",
  "babel-plugin-transform-vue-jsx": "^3.5.0",
  "babel-preset-env": "^1.3.2",
  "babel-preset-stage-2": "^6.22.0",
  "chalk": "^2.0.1",
  "copy-webpack-plugin": "^4.0.1",
  "css-loader": "^0.28.0",
  "extract-text-webpack-plugin": "^1.0.1",
  "file-loader": "^1.1.4",
  "friendly-errors-webpack-plugin": "^1.6.1",
  "html-webpack-plugin": "^2.30.1",
  "mockjs": "^1.0.1-beta3",
  "node": "^13.14.0",
  "node-notifier": "^5.1.2",
  "node-sass": "^4.14.1",
  "optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin": "^3.2.0",
  "ora": "^1.2.0",
  "portfinder": "^1.0.13",
  "postcss-import": "^11.0.0",
  "postcss-loader": "^2.0.8",
  "postcss-url": "^7.2.1",
  "rimraf": "^2.6.0",
  "sass-loader": "^7.3.1",
  "semver": "^5.3.0",
  "shelljs": "^0.7.6",
  "style-loader": "^3.1.0",
  "uglifyjs-webpack-plugin": "^1.1.1",
  "url-loader": "^4.1.1",
  "vue-loader": "^13.3.0",
  "vue-style-loader": "^3.0.1",
  "vue-template-compiler": "^2.5.2",
  "webpack": "^3.6.0",
  "webpack-bundle-analyzer": "^2.9.0",
  "webpack-dev-server": "^2.9.1",
  "webpack-merge": "^4.1.0"
},

再次运行npm install --save --legacy-peer-deps，无错误，且node_modules中会下载node13.14.0.exe。

运行npm run dev，程序正常运行，如下：

I:\fontend\2\mango-ui>npm run dev
> mango-ui@1.0.0 dev
> webpack-dev-server --inline --progress --config build/webpack.dev.conf.js
 95% emitting                                                                           
 DONE  Compiled successfully in ms                                                                                                                   下午10:43:07
 I  Your application is running here: http://localhost:8080

5. node与node-sass版本不匹配解决方法

经反复测试，当出现node版本不匹配问题时，可通过以下方法解决：

1. 删除旧的"node_modules"文件夹；
2. 修改"package.json"，在"devDependencies"中增加"node": "^13.14.0"依赖；
3. npm install -s node-sass@4.14.1;
4. npm install --save --legacy-peer-deps;
5. npm run dev

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