这期内容当中小编将会给大家带来有关什么是监控工具Linux iotop，文章内容丰富且以专业的角度为大家分析和叙述，阅读完这篇文章希望大家可以有所收获。
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iotop的简介：
iotop是一款开源、免费的用来监控磁盘I/O使用状况的类似top命令的工具，iotop可以监控进程的I/O信息。它是Python语言编写的，与iostat工具比较，iostat是系统级别的IO监控，而iotop是进程级别IO监控。目前最新的版本为iotop 0.6。其官方网址http://guichaz.free.fr/iotop/[1]
iotop的安装：
注意，iotop的安装有前提条件(如果操作系统不满足这些条件，iotop无法正确安装)：
1：内核版本为2.6.20或更高版本
2：Python 2.7或更高的版本
官方文档的详细介绍如下：
Linux has always been able to show how much I/O was going on (the bi and bo columns of the vmstat 1 command).
Iotop is a Python program with a top like UI used to show of behalf of which process is the I/O going on. It requires Python ≥ 2.7 and a Linux kernel ≥ 2.6.20 with the TASK_DELAY_ACCT CONFIG_TASKSTATS, TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING and CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS options on.
iotop的yum安装
yum安装是最简单、快捷的。前提条件是你有配置yum的源配置。
[root@DB-Server ~]# python -V Python 2.7.5 [root@DB-Server ~]# uname -a Linux DB-Server 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Apr 20 16:44:24 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@DB-Server ~]# [root@DB-Server ~]# yum -y install iotop
iotop的源码安装
wget http://guichaz.free.fr/iotop/files/iotop-0.6.tar.bz2 tar -xvf iotop-0.6.tar.gz cd iotop-0.6 python setup.py build python setup.py install
iotop的参数
# iotop --help Usage: /usr/local/sbin/iotop [OPTIONS] DISK READ and DISK WRITE are the block I/O bandwidth used during the sampling period. SWAPIN and IO are the percentages of time the thread spent respectively while swapping in and waiting on I/O more generally. PRIO is the I/O priority at which the thread is running (set using the ionice command). Controls: left and right arrows to change the sorting column, r to invert the sorting order, o to toggle the --only option, p to toggle the --processes option, a to toggle the --accumulated option, i to change I/O priority, q to quit, any other key to force a refresh. Options: --version show program's version number and exit -h, --help show this help message and exit -o, --only only show processes or threads actually doing I/O -b, --batch non-interactive mode -n NUM, --iter=NUM number of iterations before ending [infinite] -d SEC, --delay=SEC delay between iterations [1 second] -p PID, --pid=PID processes/threads to monitor [all] -u USER, --user=USER users to monitor [all] -P, --processes only show processes, not all threads -a, --accumulated show accumulated I/O instead of bandwidth -k, --kilobytes use kilobytes instead of a human friendly unit -t, --time add a timestamp on each line (implies --batch) -q, --quiet suppress some lines of header (implies --batch)
iotop的快捷键
r：反向排序，
o：切换至选项--only，
p：切换至--processes选项，
a：切换至--accumulated选项
q：退出
i：改变线程的优先级
iotop的例子
1：只显示正在产生I/O的进程
# iotop -o
2：使用非交互模式将iotop命令输出信息写入日志
#nohup iotop -b -o -n 10 -d 5 -t > /tmp/iotop.log &
3：借助iotop命令找到消耗I/O最高的进程，然后通过进程找到其正在执行的SQL语句
# iotop -oP PID PRIO USER DISK READ DISK WRITE SWAPIN IO> COMMAND 11741 be/4 oracle 4.70 M/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 98.60 % ora_s004_SCM2 11739 be/4 oracle 66.99 M/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 93.30 % ora_s005_SCM2 11741 be/4 oracle 21.76 M/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 91.78 % ora_s006_SCM2 11743 be/4 oracle 4.87 M/s 3.78 M/s 0.00 % 27.74 % ora_s007_SCM2 11745 be/4 oracle 62.39 K/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 2.88 % ora_s008_SCM2 11733 be/4 oracle 39.00 K/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 2.08 % ora_s002_SCM2 11697 be/4 oracle 0.00 B/s 1879.61 K/s 0.00 % 0.30 % ora_dbw0_SCM2 11699 be/4 oracle 0.00 B/s 102.36 K/s 0.00 % 0.20 % ora_lgwr_SCM2
在找到消耗I/O最大的进程后，找出ORACLE进程正在执行的SQL语句
SQL> @getsql_by_spid.sql Enter value for pid: 11741 old 13: WHERE c.spid = '&pid')) new 13: WHERE c.spid = '11741')) SQL_TEXT -------------------------------------------- ...............................(实际环境中，这里会输出SQL语句)
getsql_by_spid.sql脚本如下所示：
SELECT /*+ ORDERED */ sql_text FROM v$sqltext a WHERE (a.hash_value, a.address) IN ( SELECT DECODE (sql_hash_value, 0, prev_hash_value, sql_hash_value ), DECODE (sql_hash_value, 0, prev_sql_addr, sql_address) FROM v$session b WHERE b.paddr = (SELECT addr FROM v$process c WHERE c.spid = '&pid')) ORDER BY piece ASC /
这里只简单列了几个例子，因为iotop命令非常简单，了解iotop的参数和快捷方式后，基本上只需根据实际需求去获取进程或信息的I/O信息，剩下就是分析判断了。
上述就是小编为大家分享的什么是监控工具Linux iotop了，如果刚好有类似的疑惑，不妨参照上述分析进行理解。如果想知道更多相关知识，欢迎关注创新互联行业资讯频道。
