centos 6.7 basic server搭建apache+mariadb+php
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Apache
1、ifup ifcfg eth0，配置开机自动启动；
2、setup 设置DNS
3、yum install vsftpd
4、修改vsftpd配置文件，两个配置文件中的root用户注释掉；
5、关闭selinux；
# vi /etc/selinux/config
6、修改ftpd服务开机启动启动；
7、上传补丁；
8、打补丁；
# rpm -ivh 1-ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:ppl ########################################### [100%]
[root@php apache]# rpm -ivh 2-cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:cloog-ppl ########################################### [100%]
[root@php apache]# rpm -ivh 3-mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:mpfr ########################################### [100%]
[root@php apache]# rpm -ivh 4-cpp-4.4.7-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:cpp ########################################### [100%]
[root@php apache]# rpm -ivh 5-gcc-4.4.7-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:gcc ########################################### [100%]
#tar -zxvf 6-apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
# cd apr-1.5.2
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
可能会出现下面的错误提示：
/bin/rm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directory
则：
# vi configure
找到$RM "$cfgfile"这一行，注释掉；
# $RM "$cfgfile"
:wq
#make
#make install
# tar -zxvf 7-apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
# cd apr-util-1.5.4
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/bin/apr-1-config
#make
#make install
# rpm -ivh 8-libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libstdc++-devel ########################################### [100%]
# rpm -ivh 9-gcc-c++-4.4.7-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:gcc-c++ ########################################### [100%]
下载pcre-8.38.zip
https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/latest/download
#unzip 10-pcre-8.38
#cd pcre-8.38
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
#make
#make install
#tar -zxvf 11-httpd-2.4.18.tar.gz
#cd httpd-2.4.18
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre
#make
#make install
启动Apache：/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using itop.study. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
#vi httpd.conf
#ServerName www.xxx.com:80
ServerName localhost:80
:wq
停止Apache：/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop
重启Apache：/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart
http://localhost
显示it works! 说明已安装完成。
# vi /etc/rc.local
追加/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start以便开机自动开启apache服务
网站放在/usr/local/apache2/htdocs下；
如果网站的index后缀名是php的，则需要在/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf文件夹，增加index.php。
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
参考网页：
http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuque/archive/2012/11/03/2763352.html#
另：Linux下apache服务启动后，本机能正常访问，但局域网内其他机器无法访问
1、打开终端；
2、#setup
3、选择【firewall configuration】；
4、选择下面的【customise】；
5、找到并选择【www(http)】，关闭即可。
MariaDB
# rpm -ivh 12-cmake-2.8.11.1-5.1.x86_64.rpm
warning: cmake-2.8.11.1-5.1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 6aaf6b3f: NOKEY
Preparing... (10########################################### [100%]
1:cmake ( ########################################### [100%]
#tar -zxvf 13-mariadb-5.5.48-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
# mv mariadb-5.5.48-linux-x86_64 /usr/local/
# groupadd MySQL
# useradd -g mysql mysql
# id mysql
uid=500(mysql) gid=500(mysql) groups=500(mysql)
# ln -s mariadb-5.5.48-linux-x86_64/ mysql
# cd mysql/
#cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/var/lib/mysql' ...
160227 0:23:45 [Note] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.48-MariaDB) starting as process 1105 ...OK
Filling help tables...
160227 0:23:47 [Note] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.48-MariaDB) starting as process 1112 ...OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
启动数据库：
#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql &
'./bin/mysqladmin' -u root password 'new-password'
'./bin/mysqladmin' -u root -h php.myfamily password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
'./bin/mysql_secure_installation'
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.
You can start the MariaDB daemon with:
cd '.' ; ./bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/var/lib/mysql'
You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd './mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira
The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Support MariaDB development by buying support/new features from MariaDB
Corporation Ab. You can contact us about this at sales@mariadb.com.
Alternatively consider joining our community based development effort:
http://mariadb.com/kb/en/contributing-to-the-mariadb-project/
# chown -R root .
# chown -R mysql data
# vi .bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin/:/usr/local/apache2/bin/:/usr/local/php/bin/
:wq
启动数据库：
#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql &
设置开机自动启动数据库：
#vi /etc/rc.local
add
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql &
:wq
#reboot
修改mysql root密码：
#'./bin/mysqladmin' -u root password 'new-password'
or
# ./mysql_secure_installation
# ./mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.48-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;
Database changed
MariaDB [mysql]> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| event |
| func |
| general_log |
| help_category |
| help_keyword |
| help_relation |
| help_topic |
| host |
| ndb_binlog_index |
| plugin |
| proc |
| procs_priv |
| proxies_priv |
| servers |
| slow_log |
| tables_priv |
| time_zone |
| time_zone_leap_second |
| time_zone_name |
| time_zone_transition |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user |
+---------------------------+
24 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> select host, user from user;
+--------------+------+
| host | user |
+--------------+------+
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| ::1 | root |
| localhost | |
| localhost | root |
| php.myfamily | |
| php.myfamily | root |
+--------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
MariaDB [mysql]> select host, user from user;
+--------------+------+
| host | user |
+--------------+------+
| % | root |
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| ::1 | root |
| localhost | |
| php.myfamily | |
| php.myfamily | root |
+--------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> delete from user where user='';
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD(’newpassword’) where USER=’root’;
MariaDB [mysql]> select host, user, password from user;
+--------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host | user | password |
+--------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| % | root | *0D2B78B43FD0518B55EFD87FC2C1FB6775F8AB07 |
| php.myfamily | root | *0D2B78B43FD0518B55EFD87FC2C1FB6775F8AB07 |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | *0D2B78B43FD0518B55EFD87FC2C1FB6775F8AB07 |
| ::1 | root | *0D2B78B43FD0518B55EFD87FC2C1FB6775F8AB07 |
+--------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> exit
Bye
MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
修改防火墙配置；
# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
:wq
如果遇到下面的错误：
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'
ps -ef | grep mysqld
查询确认mysql的pid，然后kill -9 xx
# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
# mysql -u root mysql
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD(’newpassword’) where USER=’root’;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> quit
# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: <输入新设的密码newpassword>
mysql>
PHP
停止apache服务，安装php；
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop
安装libxml2；
# tar -zxvf 14-libxml2-2.7.7.tar.gz
#cd libxml2-2.7.7
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
可能会出现下面的错误提示：
/bin/rm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directory
则：
# vi configure
找到$RM "$cfgfile"这一行，注释掉；
# $RM "$cfgfile"
:wq
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
# make
# make install
# rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:oracle-instantclient11.########################################### [100%]
# rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient11.2-devel-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:oracle-instantclient11.########################################### [100%]
# tar -zxvf 15-php-5.6.18.tar.gz
# cd php-5.6.18
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2 \
--enable-mysqlnd \
--enable-soap
--with-oci8=shared,instantclient,/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib
#make
#make install
#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
确认存在下面的配置：
LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
找到下面的配置项，追加index.php；
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
找到Options Indexes FollowSymLinks，注释掉，追加下面的配置；
Options FollowSymLinks
找到AllowOverride None，注释掉，追加下面的配置；
AllowOverride All
文档最后追加下面的配置；
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php-source
:wq
# cp /tmp/rpm/php-5.6.18/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
phpinfo()中若无oci8的信息，则需要追加动态库；
# rpm -ivh 16-m4-1.4.13-5.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -ivh 17-autoconf-2.63-5.1.el6.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:autoconf ########################################### [100%]
~]# vi .bash_profile
add below to EXPORT PATH
/usr/local/php/bin/
:wq
. .bash_profile
# cd /tmp/rpm/oci8-2.0.10
# phpize
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20131106
Zend Module Api No: 20131226
Zend Extension Api No: 220131226
# ./configure --with-oci8=shared,instantclient,/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
#make
#make install
#vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
add
extension=oci8.so
:wq
#apachectl restart
==========iTop==========
500错误，修改php.ini文件，
#vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
将display_errors = Off修改为display_errors = On
# apachectl restart
# mkdir -p /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/itop/web/log
# chmod 757 /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/itop/web/log
# chmod 757 /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/itop/web
# rpm -ivh 16-m4-1.4.13-5.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -ivh 17-autoconf-2.63-5.1.el6.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:autoconf ########################################### [100%]
# rpm -ivh 18-zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: 18-zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 192a7d7d: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:zlib-devel ########################################### [100%]
#yum intall m4
#yum install autoconf-2.63
# yum install zlib-devel
# cd /tmp/rpm/php-5.6.18/ext/zip/
#phpize
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20131106
Zend Module Api No: 20131226
Zend Extension Api No: 220131226
#./configure
#make
#make install
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/
#vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/zip.so
zlib.output_compression = Off 改为 zlib.output_compression = On
:wq
#apachectl restart
Missing optional PHP extension: gd.
# rpm -q libpng
libpng-1.2.49-1.el6_2.x86_64
# rpm -q libpng-devel
package libpng-devel is not installed
# rpm -ivh 19-0-libpng-devel-1.2.49-1.el6_2.x86_64.rpm
warning: 19-0-libpng-devel-1.2.49-1.el6_2.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 192a7d7d: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libpng-devel ########################################### [100%]
# rpm -q libjpeg-turbo
libjpeg-turbo-1.2.1-3.el6_5.x86_64
# rpm -ivh 22-libjpeg-turbo-devel-1.2.1-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm
warning: 22-libjpeg-turbo-devel-1.2.1-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libjpeg-turbo-devel ########################################### [100%]
yum install libpng libpng-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel
# ln -s /usr/lib64/libjpeg.so /usr/lib/libjpeg.so
# ln -s /usr/lib64/libpng.so /usr/lib/libpng.so
# rpm -q libpng
libpng-1.2.49-2.el6_7.x86_64
# rpm -q libpng-devel
libpng-devel-1.2.49-2.el6_7.x86_64
# cd /tmp/rpm/php-5.6.18/ext/gd
# phpize
# ./configure && make && make install
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/
Installing header files: /usr/local/php/include/php/
#vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/gd.so
:wq
Missing optional PHP extension: ldap.
# rpm -q openldap
openldap-2.4.40-5.el6.x86_64
# rpm -ivh 24-cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.23-15.el6_6.2.x86_64.rpm
warning: 24-cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.23-15.el6_6.2.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:cyrus-sasl-devel ########################################### [100%]
# rpm -ivh 25-0-openldap-devel-2.4.40-5.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: 25-0-openldap-devel-2.4.40-5.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 1d1e034b: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:openldap-devel ########################################### [100%]
# yum install openldap openldap-devel
# ln -s /usr/lib64/libldap.so /usr/lib/libldap.so
# cd /tmp/rpm/php-5.6.18/ext/ldap
# phpize
# ./configure && make && make install
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/
#vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/ldap.so
:wq
Missing optional PHP extension: mcrypt.
centos上mcrypt无法使用yum install来安装
#wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf 26-libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
# ./configure && make && make install
# tar -zxvf 27-mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
# cd mhash-0.9.9.9
# ./configure && make && make install
# cd /tmp/rpm/php-5.6.18/ext/mcrypt/
# phpize
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20131106
Zend Module Api No: 20131226
Zend Extension Api No: 220131226
# ./configure && make && make install
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/
#vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/mcrypt.so
:wq
http://php.net/manual/zh/ldap.installation.php
http://zhidao.baidu.com/link?url=_ynec5JlbC7vzG0cpWTx9l1hbZa0RuSTKfeojlJEuzmcotO5b4WkAEbtI6CkusGOAK_JKt3p-pAw5y8hvnt8ya
Empty path for session.save_path.
#vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
session.save_path = "/tmp/iTop/session"
:wq
# mkdir -p /tmp/iTop/session
# chmod 757 /tmp/iTop/session
Missing PHP extension(s): mysqli
# yum install openssl openssl-devel
# ln -s /usr/lib64/libssl.so /usr/lib/libssl.so
# cd /tmp/rpm/php-5.6.18/ext/openssl
# phpize
# ./configure
# make && make install
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/
mysqlnd configure
# cd /tmp/rpm/php-5.6.18/ext/mysqli
# phpize
# ./configure && make && make install
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/
Installing header files: /usr/local/php/include/php/
#vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/mysqli.so
:wq
# apachectl restart
Missing PHP extension(s): soap
# cd /tmp/rpm/php-5.6.18/ext/soap
# phpize
# ./configure --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2 && make && make install
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/
extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/soap.so
:wq
# apachectl restart
# rpm -ivh 28-libXmu-1.1.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: 28-libXmu-1.1.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXmu ########################################### [100%]
# rpm -ivh 29-libXpm-3.5.10-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: 29-libXpm-3.5.10-2.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXpm ########################################### [100%]
# rpm -ivh 30-libXaw-1.0.11-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: 30-libXaw-1.0.11-2.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXaw ########################################### [100%]
# rpm -ivh 31-gd-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: 31-gd-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:gd ########################################### [100%]
# rpm -ivh 32-graphviz-2.26.0-10.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: 32-graphviz-2.26.0-10.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:graphviz ########################################### [100%]
# yum install graphviz
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%max_allowed_packet%';
+--------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+------------+
| max_allowed_packet | 1048576 |
| slave_max_allowed_packet | 1073741824 |
+--------------------------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> set global max_allowed_packet = 2*1024*1024*10;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
# mysqld restart
160306 6:25:20 [Note] mysqld (mysqld 5.5.48-MariaDB) starting as process 13527 ...
160306 6:25:20 [ERROR] Fatal error: Please consult the Knowledge Base to find out how to run mysqld as root!
160306 6:25:20 [ERROR] Aborting
160306 6:25:20 [Note] mysqld: Shutdown complete
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%max_allowed_packet%';
+--------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+------------+
| max_allowed_packet | 20971520 |
| slave_max_allowed_packet | 1073741824 |
+--------------------------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
# vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
memory_limit = 128M修改为
memory_limit = 512M
:wq
http://192.168.184.88/itop/web/setup/index.php
iTop配置
数据库连接
server name:填入DB服务器的IP地址
login: 填入root
password: 填入db服务器的root账户密码
选择[create a new database:]，并录入新数据库的名称
点击[Next]按钮；
如提示“max_allowed_packet”参数过小，则：
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%max_allowed_packet%';
+--------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+------------+
| max_allowed_packet | 1048576 |
| slave_max_allowed_packet | 1073741824 |
+--------------------------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> set global max_allowed_packet = 2*1024*1024*10;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
# mysqld restart
160306 6:25:20 [Note] mysqld (mysqld 5.5.48-MariaDB) starting as process 13527 ...
160306 6:25:20 [ERROR] Fatal error: Please consult the Knowledge Base to find out how to run mysqld as root!
160306 6:25:20 [ERROR] Aborting
160306 6:25:20 [Note] mysqld: Shutdown complete
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%max_allowed_packet%';
+--------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+------------+
| max_allowed_packet | 20971520 |
| slave_max_allowed_packet | 1073741824 |
+--------------------------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
定义管理员账户
默认管理员账户为admin，设置密码，然后[Language]项目选择简体中文；
额外参数的设置
Default language: 简体中文
URL: 采用默认，或者修改想要的地址
Path to graphviz' dot application: 可能没有，需要安装
选择所处IT环境的服务于IT架构
选择[Service Management for Service Providers]
选择[ITIL Compliant Tickets Management]，
并且复选两个子选项；
选择[ITIL Change Management];
选择[Known Errors Management];
选择[Problem Management];
点击[Install!]按钮。
Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 134217728 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 32 bytes)
# vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
memory_limit = 128M修改为
memory_limit = 512M
:wq
