学习札记——运用Rspec+factory_girl进行model测试

前几日摸了一下model的测试，不得其要点，老是在写测试不知如何下手，后阅遍大小论坛，总结一下测试方法呢，于是便模仿敏捷开发一书中的关于登录一章，写了如下测试代码

model代码
require "digest/sha2"
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
    attr_accessible :name,:password,:password_confirmation
    validates :name,:presence =>true,:uniqueness => true

    validates :password,:confirmation =>true
    attr_accessor :password_confirmation
    attr_reader :password

    validate :password_must_be_present

    def password=(password)
        @password = password
        if password.present?
            generate_salt
            self.hashed_password = self.class.encrypt_password(password,salt)
        end
    end

    def User.authenticate(name,password)
        if user == find_by_name(name)
            if user.hashed_password == encrypt_password(password,user.salt)
                user
            end
        end
    end

    private
     def password_must_be_present
            errors.add(:password,"密码错误")unless hashed_password.present?
     end

     def User.encrypt_password(password,salt)
             Digest::SHA2.hexdigest(password + "wibble" + salt)
     end

    def generate_salt
        self.salt= self.object_id.to_s + rand.to_s
    end
end

这是模型部分代码，他的需求如下

1.name与password不得为nil

2.两次密码输入必须一致

3.name是唯一的

4..hashed_password与self不得暴露给用户

下面就是rspec写的测试代码

require 'spec_helper'

describe User do

    it "正确参数" do
        user = FactoryGirl.build(:user1)
        assert user.valid?
    end

    it "name值为空时，user对象应该无效" do
        user = FactoryGirl.build(:user2)
        assert user.invalid?
    end

    it "password虚拟属性为空时，user对象应该无效" do
        user = Factory.build(:user5)
        user.should_not be_valid
        user.should have(1).errors_on(:password)
    end

    it "password_confirmation虚拟属性为nil时，user对象应该无效" do
        user = Factory.build(:user_password_confirmation_nil)
        assert user.invalid?
        user.should have(1).errors_on(:password)
    end

    it "两次密码不相同时，user对象应该无效" do
        user = FactoryGirl.build(:user3)
        assert user.invalid?
    end

    it "当name已经存在时，对象不应该被创建并会报关于：name的错误" do
        fist_user = Factory.create(:user1) #factory用create创建表示还有save动作而用 build则没有save
        user = Factory.build(:user1)
        assert user.invalid?
        user.should have(1).errors_on(:name) #结果会有关于name一个错误。
    end

end

上面就是rspec测试代码部分主要需要注意的是create与build创建时的不同

下面是factory构建的测试代码

FactoryGirl.define do
    factory :user1 ,:class =>:User do
        name "user1"
        hashed_password "MyString"
        salt "MyString"
        password "123"
        password_confirmation "123"
    end

    factory :user2 ,:class =>:User do
        name ""
        hashed_password "MyString"
        salt "MyString"
        password "123"
        password_confirmation "123"
    end

    factory :user3 ,:class =>:User do
        name "user3"
        hashed_password "MyString"
        salt "MyString"
        password "123"
        password_confirmation "1234"
    end

    factory :user4 ,:class =>:User do
        name "user4"
        hashed_password "MyString"
        salt "MyString"
    end
    factory :user5 ,:class =>:User do
        name "user1"
        password ""
        password_confirmation ""
    end
    factory :user_password_confirmation_nil ,:class =>:User do
        name"user"
        password "123456"
        password_confirmation ""
    end

end

需要注意的是 password_confirmation和 password是虚拟属性，在测试数据时要注意排除hashed_password salt属性的干扰。

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