多线程一般是不推荐用的，因为线程之间如果有共享资源的话会引起竞争，需要加锁处理；而且线程间没有时序关系，所以你在调试中可能会出现异步处理结束顺序与开始处理顺序不一致的情况（我在调试中已经发现该问题）。
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针对你提出的这个问题，采用了多线程处理，利用的是BackgroundWorker也就是异步处理控件进行了处理。
代码已经经过调试通过。欢迎交流，如有问题，留下QQ或其他联系方式。
代码如下，并附程序截图。
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Imports System.ComponentModel '导入异步控件命名空间
Public Class Form1
Private howmany As Integer = 10
Private AnalysisNumber(0 To howmany - 1) As BackgroundWorker
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
ListBox1.Items.Clear()
creatNewBackgroundWorker()
addHandle()
startWork()
End Sub
Private Sub creatNewBackgroundWorker()
For i As Integer = 0 To AnalysisNumber.Length - 1
AnalysisNumber(i) = New BackgroundWorker
Next
End Sub
Private Sub addHandle()
For i As Integer = 0 To AnalysisNumber.Length - 1
AddHandler AnalysisNumber(i).DoWork, AddressOf AnalysisNumber_DoWork
AddHandler AnalysisNumber(i).RunWorkerCompleted, AddressOf AnalysisNumber_RunWorkerCompleted
Next
End Sub
Private Sub startWork()
For i As Integer = 0 To 9
Dim temp(0 To 9) As Integer
For j As Integer = 1 To 10
temp(j - 1) = 10 * i + j
Next
AnalysisNumber(i).RunWorkerAsync(temp)
Next
End Sub
Private Sub AnalysisNumber_DoWork(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.ComponentModel.DoWorkEventArgs)
Dim data As Integer()
data = CType(e.Argument, Integer())
Dim temp As Integer
For i As Integer = 0 To data.Length - 1
temp = data(i)
data(i) = temp * temp
Next
e.Result = data
End Sub
Private Sub AnalysisNumber_RunWorkerCompleted(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.ComponentModel.RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs)
Dim data As Integer()
data = CType(e.Result, Integer())
For i As Integer = 0 To data.Length - 1
ListBox1.Items.Add(data(i))
Next
End Sub
End Class
Sub Main()
Dim thr As Thread
For Pi As Integer=0 To 4 //启用5线程
MulParams =Pi vbTab sFile vbTab dFile vbTab 1 vbTab DelN vbTab cr vbTab cg vbTab cb vbTab IndexI
GlobalParamas(pi)=MulParams .Split(vbTab)
thr=New Thread(AddressOf MyMulThreadCaller)
thr.Start() //启动多线程进程
Application.DoEvents
Next
End Sub
纯VB中只能模拟多线程，不能真正多线程（即使用多个ActiveX，在每个里面运行一个线程，以此模拟多线程环境）。 如果要多线程，多是使用C++等支持多线程的语言编写好组件，给VB调用。 不过现在最佳方式是放开VB，改用VB.Net直接100%的多线程支持。
不可以，但是能够在主线程的基础上调用委托（Invoke）。（主线程会被占用）
例子：
Dim thr As Threading.Thread
Public Delegate Sub VoidDelegate()
Private Sub Form1_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
thr = New Threading.Thread(AddressOf Where)
thr.Start()
End Sub
Public Sub Where()
Me.BeginInvoke(New VoidDelegate(AddressOf WhereThr))
End Sub
Public Sub WhereThr()
Me.TextBox.text="0123456789"
End Sub
(Invoke)这种情况下，主线程被占用，所有由主线程执行程序，都将被（wherethr函数执行结束）后执行。
