在做Oracle数据库实验时都会用到一些示例SCHEMA如：HR、OE、SH等，在Oracle11g版本时在DBCA时直接勾选Sample Schemas就可以安装这些示例SCHEMA，如下图：
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但到了Oracle12.2 版本，也有一个示例Schemas选项卡如下图所示：
但是数据库安装完成后却还是没有这些示例SCHEMA，到底是怎么回事呢？我们来查一下官方文档：
Starting with Oracle Database 12c Release 2, the latest version of the sample schema scripts are available on GitHub at https://github.com/oracle/db-sample-schemas/releases/latest.
During a complete installation of Oracle Database, the HR schema can be installed either manually or automatically when creating a database using the dbca option. All the other sample schemas must be installed manually via the scripts available on GitHub.
从上面的官方文档中我们可以看到从Oracle12.2版本开始，示例Schemas的脚本被放到了GitHub上，在DBCA安装时只会安装hr示例Schema。从文档中给出的指定地址下载示例Schema安装脚本：
从README.txt文档中找到安装方法，开始安装：
sys@ORA12C>@mksample specify password for SYSTEM as parameter 1: Enter value for 1: 123456 specify password for SYS as parameter 2: Enter value for 2: 123456 specify password for HR as parameter 3: Enter value for 3: hr specify password for OE as parameter 4: Enter value for 4: oe specify password for PM as parameter 5: Enter value for 5: pm specify password for IX as parameter 6: Enter value for 6: ix specify password for SH as parameter 7: Enter value for 7: sh specify password for BI as parameter 8: Enter value for 8: bi specify default tablespace as parameter 9: Enter value for 9: users specify temporary tablespace as parameter 10: Enter value for 10: temp specify log file directory (including trailing delimiter) as parameter 11: Enter value for 11: /home/oracle/dbca specify connect string as parameter 12: Enter value for 12: localhost:1521/ora12c Sample Schemas are being created ... mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/home/oracle/dbca’: File exists Connected. DROP USER hr CASCADE * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01918: user 'HR' does not exist DROP USER oe CASCADE * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01918: user 'OE' does not exist DROP USER pm CASCADE * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01918: user 'PM' does not exist DROP USER ix CASCADE * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01918: user 'IX' does not exist DROP USER sh CASCADE * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01918: user 'SH' does not exist DROP USER bi CASCADE * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01918: user 'BI' does not exist Connected. SP2-0310: unable to open file "__SUB__CWD__/human_resources/hr_main.sql" Connected. SP2-0310: unable to open file "__SUB__CWD__/order_entry/oe_main.sql" Connected. SP2-0310: unable to open file "__SUB__CWD__/product_media/pm_main.sql" Connected. SP2-0310: unable to open file "__SUB__CWD__/info_exchange/ix_main.sql" Connected. SP2-0310: unable to open file "__SUB__CWD__/sales_history/sh_main.sql" Connected. SP2-0310: unable to open file "__SUB__CWD__/bus_intelligence/bi_main.sql" Connected. not spooling currently SP2-0310: unable to open file "__SUB__CWD__/mkverify.sql"
从上面看到输出报错，没有安装成功。报错的是“__SUB__CWD__”没有找到，打开mksample.sql文件，确实有这个变量，但不知道在哪里声明的。
重新查看README.md文档看到需要把“__SUB__CWD__”这个变量替换为当前路径，还给出了命令：
[oracle@rhel7 db-sample-schemas-12.2.0.1]$ perl -p -i.bak -e 's#__SUB__CWD__#'$(pwd)'#g' *.sql */*.sql */*.dat
执行完上面的脚本后重新安装示例Schema：
sys@ORA12C>@mksample 123456 123456 hr oe pm ix sh bi users temp /home/oracle/dbca/ 192.168.56.22:1521/ora12c
最终安装成功：
system@ORA12C>select username,created from dba_users where created>sysdate-1; USERNAME CREATED ------------------------------ ----------------- OE 20170816 23:32:22 SH 20170816 23:34:25 PM 20170816 23:33:13 IX 20170816 23:34:12 BI 20170816 23:36:20 HR 20170816 23:32:07
参考：http://docs.oracle.com/database/122/COMSC/installing-sample-schemas.htm#COMSC-GUID-B0BEE222-D8B0-4B68-B359-DEA153956EF6
