1) sql tunning asking01
Note: example for reading execution plan,
dbms_xplan.display_cursor('sql_id',child_number,'mode')
1@@@@ sql script
[oracle@station78 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba;
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Mar 3 13:48:02 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@ocm11g> !cat tmp.sql
--Test on 10R2, 11gR2
--
--1) Create the test table t.
set echo on
set feedback on
DROP TABLE t;
CREATE TABLE t
AS
SELECT rownum AS n, lpad('*',1000,'*') AS pad
FROM dual
CONNECT BY level <= 1000;
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>user,tabname=>'t');
CREATE INDEX i ON t(n);
ALTER SESSION SET workarea_size_policy = manual;
ALTER SESSION SET sort_area_size = 65536;
PAUSE
--
--2) Change session environment, generate child cursor
ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH shared_pool;
ALTER SESSION SET optimizer_mode = all_rows;
set termout off
SELECT * FROM t WHERE n > 19;
set termout on
ALTER SESSION SET optimizer_mode = first_rows_10;
set termout off
SELECT * FROM t WHERE n > 19;
set termout on
PAUSE
--
--3) Display info about last execution
--default child_number is 0
col sql_text for a40 word_wrapped
SELECT sql_id, child_number, plan_hash_value, sql_text
FROM v$sql
WHERE sql_text LIKE '%n > 19%';
SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&03_sql_id',0));
SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&03_sql_id',1));
PAUSE
--
--4) Display execution statistics (I/O)
--reflash buffer cache, see the physical read
ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH buffer_cache;
SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */ count(*)
FROM t
WHERE mod(n,19) = 0;
col sql_text for a40 word_wrapped
SELECT sql_id, child_number, plan_hash_value, sql_text
FROM v$sql
WHERE sql_text LIKE '%mod(n,19)%';
SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&04_sql_id',0,'runstats_last'));
PAUSE
--
--5) Use the parameter FORMAT to get different execution statistics
--UNDEFINE sql_id
--UNDEFINE child_number
DROP INDEX i;
SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */ count(pad)
FROM (SELECT rownum AS rn, pad FROM t ORDER BY n)
WHERE rn = 1;
SELECT sql_id, child_number, plan_hash_value, sql_text
FROM v$sql
WHERE sql_text LIKE '%rn = 1%';
SELECT * FROM
table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'iostats last'));
PAUSE
SELECT * FROM
table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'runstats_last'));
PAUSE
SELECT * FROM
table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'memstats last'));
PAUSE
SELECT * FROM
table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'allstats last'));
-- PAUSE
-- SELECT * FROM
-- table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'iostats'));
--
-- PAUSE
-- SELECT * FROM
-- table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'runstats_tot'));
--
-- PAUSE
-- SELECT * FROM
-- table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'memstats'));
--
-- PAUSE
-- SELECT * FROM
-- table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'allstats'));
2@@@@ Explain Option:
Explain:
Table 6-1. Columns of the Table Containing the Execution Plan
Column Description
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1]Basics (Always Available)
Id The identifier of each operation (line) in the execution plan. If the number
is prefixed by an asterisk, it means that predicate information for that line
is available later.
Operation The operation to be executed. This is also known as the row source operation.
Name The object on which the operation is executed.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[2]Query Optimizer Estimations
Rows (E-Rows) The estimated number of rows returned by the operation.
Bytes (E-Bytes) The estimated amount of data returned by the operation.
TempSpc The estimated amount of temporary space used by the operation.
Cost (%CPU) The estimated cost of the operation. The percentage of CPU cost is given
in parentheses. Note that this value is cumulated through the execution
plan. In other words, the cost of parent operations contains the cost of
their child operations.
Time The estimated amount of time needed to execute the operation (HH:MM:SS).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[3]Partitioning
Pstart The number of the first partition to be accessed. Set to either KEY, KEY(I),
KEY(MC), KEY(OR), or KEY(SQ) if unknown at parse time.
Pstop The number of the last partition to be accessed. Set to either KEY, KEY(I),
KEY(MC), KEY(OR), or KEY(SQ) if unknown at parse time.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[4]Parallel and Distributed Processing
Inst For distributed processing, the name of the database link used by
the operation.
TQ For parallel processing, the table queue used for the communication
between slaves.
IN-OUT The relationship between parallel or distributed operations.
PQ Distrib For parallel processing, the distribution used by producers to send data
to consumers.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[5]Runtime Statistics*
Starts The number of times a specific operation was executed.
A-Rows The actual number of rows returned by the operation.
A-Time The actual amount of time spent executing the operation (HH:MM:SS.FF).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[6]I/O Statistics*
Buffers The number of logical read operations performed during the execution.
Reads The number of physical reads performed during the execution.
Writes The number of physical writes performed during the execution.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[7]Memory Utilization Statistics
OMem The estimated amount of memory needed for an optimal execution.
1Mem The estimated amount of memory needed for one-pass execution.
O/1/M The number of times the execution was performed in optimal/one-pass/
multipass mode.
Used-Mem The amount of memory used by the operation during the last execution.
Used-Tmp The amount of temporary space used by the operation during the last
execution. This value must be multiplied by 1,024 to be consistent with
the other memory utilization columns (for example, 32K means 32MB).
Max-Tmp The maximum amount of temporary space used by the operation. This
value has to be multiplied by 1,024 to be consistent with the other memory
utilization columns (for example, 32K means 32MB).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Available only when execution statistics are enabled.
3@@@@ output
[oracle@station78 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba;
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Mar 3 13:49:42 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@ocm11g> @tmp.sql
SYS@ocm11g> set feedback on
SYS@ocm11g> DROP TABLE t;
Table dropped.
SYS@ocm11g> CREATE TABLE t
2 AS
3 SELECT rownum AS n, lpad('*',1000,'*') AS pad
4 FROM dual
5 CONNECT BY level <= 1000;
Table created.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>user,tabname=>'t');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> CREATE INDEX i ON t(n);
Index created.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> ALTER SESSION SET workarea_size_policy = manual;
Session altered.
SYS@ocm11g> ALTER SESSION SET sort_area_size = 65536;
Session altered.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> PAUSE
SYS@ocm11g> --
SYS@ocm11g> --2) Change session environment, generate child cursor
SYS@ocm11g> ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH shared_pool;
System altered.
SYS@ocm11g> ALTER SESSION SET optimizer_mode = all_rows;
Session altered.
SYS@ocm11g> set termout off
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> ALTER SESSION SET optimizer_mode = first_rows_10;
Session altered.
SYS@ocm11g> set termout off
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> PAUSE
SYS@ocm11g> --
SYS@ocm11g> --3) Display info about last execution
SYS@ocm11g> --default child_number is 0
SYS@ocm11g> col sql_text for a40 word_wrapped
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT sql_id, child_number, plan_hash_value, sql_text
2 FROM v$sql
3 WHERE sql_text LIKE '%n > 19%';
SQL_ID CHILD_NUMBER PLAN_HASH_VALUE SQL_TEXT
------------- ------------ --------------- ----------------------------------------
16vk8p8cmwbk8 0 1601196873 SELECT * FROM t WHERE n > 19
16vk8p8cmwbk8 1 242607798 SELECT * FROM t WHERE n > 19
3s7f8gwf2bxw7 0 903671040 SELECT sql_id, child_number,
plan_hash_value, sql_text FROM v$sql
WHERE sql_text LIKE '%n > 19%'
3 rows selected.
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&03_sql_id',0));
Enter value for 03_sql_id: 16vk8p8cmwbk8
old 1: SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&03_sql_id',0))
new 1: SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('16vk8p8cmwbk8',0))
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 16vk8p8cmwbk8, child number 0
-------------------------------------
SELECT * FROM t WHERE n > 19
Plan hash value: 1601196873
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 40 (100)| |
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T | 982 | 963K| 40 (0)| 00:00:01 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
1 - filter("N">19)
18 rows selected.
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&03_sql_id',1));
old 1: SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&03_sql_id',1))
new 1: SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('16vk8p8cmwbk8',1))
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 16vk8p8cmwbk8, child number 1
-------------------------------------
SELECT * FROM t WHERE n > 19
Plan hash value: 242607798
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 4 (100)| |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T | 11 | 11055 | 4 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | I | | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("N">19)
19 rows selected.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> PAUSE
SYS@ocm11g> --
SYS@ocm11g> --4) Display execution statistics (I/O)
SYS@ocm11g> --reflash buffer cache, see the physical read
SYS@ocm11g> ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH buffer_cache;
System altered.
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */ count(*)
2 FROM t
3 WHERE mod(n,19) = 0;
COUNT(*)
----------
52
1 row selected.
SYS@ocm11g> col sql_text for a40 word_wrapped
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT sql_id, child_number, plan_hash_value, sql_text
2 FROM v$sql
3 WHERE sql_text LIKE '%mod(n,19)%';
SQL_ID CHILD_NUMBER PLAN_HASH_VALUE SQL_TEXT
------------- ------------ --------------- ----------------------------------------
50zr0t09k80w3 0 2966233522 SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */
count(*) FROM t WHERE mod(n,19) = 0
91307uh63jr72 0 903671040 SELECT sql_id, child_number,
plan_hash_value, sql_text FROM v$sql
WHERE sql_text LIKE '%mod(n,19)%'
2 rows selected.
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&04_sql_id',0,'runstats_last'));
Enter value for 04_sql_id: 50zr0t09k80w3
old 1: SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&04_sql_id',0,'runstats_last'))
new 1: SELECT * FROM table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('50zr0t09k80w3',0,'runstats_last'))
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 50zr0t09k80w3, child number 0
-------------------------------------
SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */ count(*) FROM t WHERE mod(n,19)
= 0
Plan hash value: 2966233522
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | Reads |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 147 | 144 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 147 | 144 |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T | 1 | 10 | 52 |00:00:00.01 | 147 | 144 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter(MOD("N",19)=0)
20 rows selected.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> PAUSE
SYS@ocm11g> --
SYS@ocm11g> --5) Use the parameter FORMAT to get different execution statistics
SYS@ocm11g> --UNDEFINE sql_id
SYS@ocm11g> --UNDEFINE child_number
SYS@ocm11g> DROP INDEX i;
Index dropped.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */ count(pad)
2 FROM (SELECT rownum AS rn, pad FROM t ORDER BY n)
3 WHERE rn = 1;
COUNT(PAD)
----------
1
1 row selected.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT sql_id, child_number, plan_hash_value, sql_text
2 FROM v$sql
3 WHERE sql_text LIKE '%rn = 1%';
SQL_ID CHILD_NUMBER PLAN_HASH_VALUE SQL_TEXT
------------- ------------ --------------- ----------------------------------------
2nqg014kk20xm 0 2545006537 SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */
count(pad) FROM (SELECT rownum AS rn,
pad FROM t ORDER BY n) WHERE rn = 1
2dyc3byvhk8d3 0 903671040 SELECT sql_id, child_number,
plan_hash_value, sql_text FROM v$sql
WHERE sql_text LIKE '%rn = 1%'
2 rows selected.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT * FROM
2 table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'iostats last'));
Enter value for 05_sql_id: 2nqg014kk20xm
Enter value for 05_child_number: 0
old 2: table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'iostats last'))
new 2: table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('2nqg014kk20xm',0,'iostats last'))
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 2nqg014kk20xm, child number 0
-------------------------------------
SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */ count(pad) FROM (SELECT rownum
AS rn, pad FROM t ORDER BY n) WHERE rn = 1
Plan hash value: 2545006537
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | Reads | Writes |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:01.09 | 149 | 125 | 125 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:01.09 | 149 | 125 | 125 |
|* 2 | VIEW | | 1 | 1000 | 1 |00:00:01.09 | 149 | 125 | 125 |
| 3 | SORT ORDER BY | | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |00:00:01.10 | 149 | 125 | 125 |
| 4 | COUNT | | 1 | | 1000 |00:00:00.01 | 147 | 0 | 0 |
| 5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |00:00:00.01 | 147 | 0 | 0 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("RN"=1)
23 rows selected.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> PAUSE
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT * FROM
2 table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'runstats_last'));
old 2: table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'runstats_last'))
new 2: table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('2nqg014kk20xm',0,'runstats_last'))
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 2nqg014kk20xm, child number 0
-------------------------------------
SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */ count(pad) FROM (SELECT rownum
AS rn, pad FROM t ORDER BY n) WHERE rn = 1
Plan hash value: 2545006537
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | Reads | Writes |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:01.09 | 149 | 125 | 125 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:01.09 | 149 | 125 | 125 |
|* 2 | VIEW | | 1 | 1000 | 1 |00:00:01.09 | 149 | 125 | 125 |
| 3 | SORT ORDER BY | | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |00:00:01.10 | 149 | 125 | 125 |
| 4 | COUNT | | 1 | | 1000 |00:00:00.01 | 147 | 0 | 0 |
| 5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |00:00:00.01 | 147 | 0 | 0 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("RN"=1)
23 rows selected.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> PAUSE
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT * FROM
2 table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'memstats last'));
old 2: table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'memstats last'))
new 2: table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('2nqg014kk20xm',0,'memstats last'))
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 2nqg014kk20xm, child number 0
-------------------------------------
SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */ count(pad) FROM (SELECT rownum
AS rn, pad FROM t ORDER BY n) WHERE rn = 1
Plan hash value: 2545006537
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | OMem | 1Mem | Used-Mem | Used-Tmp|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:01.09 | | | | |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:01.09 | | | | |
|* 2 | VIEW | | 1 | 1000 | 1 |00:00:01.09 | | | | |
| 3 | SORT ORDER BY | | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |00:00:01.10 | 1125K| 558K|49152 (0)| 1024 |
| 4 | COUNT | | 1 | | 1000 |00:00:00.01 | | | | |
| 5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |00:00:00.01 | | | | |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("RN"=1)
23 rows selected.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> PAUSE
SYS@ocm11g> SELECT * FROM
2 table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'allstats last'));
old 2: table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'allstats last'))
new 2: table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('2nqg014kk20xm',0,'allstats last'))
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 2nqg014kk20xm, child number 0
-------------------------------------
SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */ count(pad) FROM (SELECT rownum
AS rn, pad FROM t ORDER BY n) WHERE rn = 1
Plan hash value: 2545006537
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | Reads | Writes | OMem | 1Mem
| Used-Mem | Used-Tmp|
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:01.09 | 149 | 125 | 125 | |
| | |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:01.09 | 149 | 125 | 125 | |
| | |
|* 2 | VIEW | | 1 | 1000 | 1 |00:00:01.09 | 149 | 125 | 125 | |
| | |
| 3 | SORT ORDER BY | | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |00:00:01.10 | 149 | 125 | 125 | 1125K| 558
K|49152 (0)| 1024 |
| 4 | COUNT | | 1 | | 1000 |00:00:00.01 | 147 | 0 | 0 | |
| | |
| 5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |00:00:00.01 | 147 | 0 | 0 | |
| | |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("RN"=1)
23 rows selected.
SYS@ocm11g>
SYS@ocm11g> -- PAUSE
SYS@ocm11g> -- SELECT * FROM
SYS@ocm11g> -- table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'iostats'));
SYS@ocm11g> --
SYS@ocm11g> -- PAUSE
SYS@ocm11g> -- SELECT * FROM
SYS@ocm11g> -- table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'runstats_tot'));
SYS@ocm11g> --
SYS@ocm11g> -- PAUSE
SYS@ocm11g> -- SELECT * FROM
SYS@ocm11g> -- table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'memstats'));
SYS@ocm11g> --
SYS@ocm11g> -- PAUSE
SYS@ocm11g> -- SELECT * FROM
SYS@ocm11g> -- table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&&05_sql_id',&&05_child_number,'allstats'));
SYS@ocm11g>
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