Android截屏截图的几种方法总结

　Android截屏

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Android截屏的原理：获取具体需要截屏的区域的Bitmap，然后绘制在画布上，保存为图片后进行分享或者其它用途

一、Activity截屏

1、截Activity界面（包含空白的状态栏）

/** 
   * 根据指定的Activity截图（带空白的状态栏） 
   * 
   * @param context 要截图的Activity 
   * @return Bitmap 
   */ 
  public static Bitmap shotActivity(Activity context) { 
    View view = context.getWindow().getDecorView(); 
    view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); 
    view.buildDrawingCache(); 
 
    Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getDrawingCache(), 0, 0, view.getMeasuredWidth(), view.getMeasuredHeight()); 
    view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false); 
    view.destroyDrawingCache(); 
    return bitmap; 
  }

2、截Activity界面（去除状态栏）

/** 
   * 根据指定的Activity截图（去除状态栏） 
   * 
   * @param activity 要截图的Activity 
   * @return Bitmap 
   */ 
  public Bitmap shotActivityNoStatusBar(Activity activity) { 
    // 获取windows中最顶层的view 
    View view = activity.getWindow().getDecorView(); 
    view.buildDrawingCache(); 
 
    // 获取状态栏高度 
    Rect rect = new Rect(); 
    view.getWindowVisibleDisplayFrame(rect); 
    int statusBarHeights = rect.top; 
    Display display = activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay(); 
 
    // 获取屏幕宽和高 
    int widths = display.getWidth(); 
    int heights = display.getHeight(); 
 
    // 允许当前窗口保存缓存信息 
    view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); 
 
    // 去掉状态栏 
    Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getDrawingCache(), 0, 
        statusBarHeights, widths, heights - statusBarHeights); 
 
    // 销毁缓存信息 
    view.destroyDrawingCache(); 
 
    return bmp; 
  }

二、View截屏

/** 
 * 根据指定的view截图 
 * 
 * @param v 要截图的view 
 * @return Bitmap 
 */ 
public static Bitmap getViewBitmap(View v) { 
  if (null == v) { 
    return null; 
  } 
  v.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); 
  v.buildDrawingCache(); 
  if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) { 
    v.measure(View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(v.getWidth(), View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY), 
        View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(v.getHeight(), View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)); 
    v.layout((int) v.getX(), (int) v.getY(), (int) v.getX() + v.getMeasuredWidth(), (int) v.getY() + v.getMeasuredHeight()); 
  } else { 
    v.measure(View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED), 
        View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED)); 
    v.layout(0, 0, v.getMeasuredWidth(), v.getMeasuredHeight()); 
  } 
 
  Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getDrawingCache(), 0, 0, v.getMeasuredWidth(), v.getMeasuredHeight()); 
  v.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false); 
  v.destroyDrawingCache(); 
  return bitmap; 
}

三、ScrollView截屏：ScrollView只有一个childView，虽然没有全部显示在界面上，但是已经全部渲染绘制，因此可以直接调用scrollView.draw(canvas)来完成截图

/** 
 * Scrollview截屏 
 * 
 * @param scrollView 要截图的ScrollView 
 * @return Bitmap 
 */ 
public static Bitmap shotScrollView(ScrollView scrollView) { 
  int h = 0; 
  Bitmap bitmap = null; 
  for (int i = 0; i < scrollView.getChildCount(); i++) { 
    h += scrollView.getChildAt(i).getHeight(); 
    scrollView.getChildAt(i).setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#ffffff")); 
  } 
  bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(scrollView.getWidth(), h, Bitmap.Config.RGB_565); 
  final Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap); 
  scrollView.draw(canvas); 
  return bitmap; 
}

四、ListView截屏：ListView是会回收与重用Item，并且只会绘制在屏幕上显示的ItemView，下面的方法采用一个List来存储Item的视图，这种方案依然不够好，当Item足够多的时候，可能会发生oom。

/** 
 * ListView截图 
 * 
 * @param listView 要截图的ListView 
 * @return Bitmap 
 */ 
public static Bitmap shotListView(ListView listView) { 
  ListAdapter adapter = listView.getAdapter(); 
  int itemsCount = adapter.getCount(); 
  int allItemsHeight = 0; 
 
  ArrayList bmps = new ArrayList<>(); 
  for (int i = 0; i < itemsCount; i++) { 
    View childView = adapter.getView(i, null, listView); 
    childView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(listView.getWidth(),View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY), 
        View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED)); 
 
    childView.layout(0, 0, childView.getMeasuredWidth(), childView.getMeasuredHeight()); 
    childView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); 
    childView.buildDrawingCache(); 
    bmps.add(childView.getDrawingCache()); 
    allItemsHeight += childView.getMeasuredHeight(); 
  } 
 
  Bitmap bigBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(listView.getMeasuredWidth(), allItemsHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); 
  Canvas bigCanvas = new Canvas(bigBitmap); 
 
  Paint paint = new Paint(); 
  int iHeight = 0; 
 
  for (int i = 0; i < bmps.size(); i++) { 
    Bitmap bmp = bmps.get(i); 
    bigCanvas.drawBitmap(bmp, 0, iHeight, paint); 
    iHeight += bmp.getHeight(); 
 
    bmp.recycle(); 
    bmp = null; 
  } 
  return bigBitmap; 
}

五、RecycleView截屏

/** 
   * RecyclerView截屏 
   * 
   * @param view 要截图的RecyclerView 
   * @return Bitmap 
   */ 
  public static Bitmap shotRecyclerView(RecyclerView view) { 
    RecyclerView.Adapter adapter = view.getAdapter(); 
    Bitmap bigBitmap = null; 
    if (adapter != null) { 
      int size = adapter.getItemCount(); 
      int height = 0; 
      Paint paint = new Paint(); 
      int iHeight = 0; 
      final int maxMemory = (int) (Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 1024); 
 
      // Use 1/8th of the available memory for this memory cache. 
      final int cacheSize = maxMemory / 8; 
      LruCache bitmaCache = new LruCache<>(cacheSize); 
      for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { 
        RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder = adapter.createViewHolder(view, adapter.getItemViewType(i)); 
        adapter.onBindViewHolder(holder, i); 
        holder.itemView.measure( 
            View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(view.getWidth(), View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY), 
            View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED)); 
        holder.itemView.layout(0, 0, holder.itemView.getMeasuredWidth(), 
            holder.itemView.getMeasuredHeight()); 
        holder.itemView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); 
        holder.itemView.buildDrawingCache(); 
        Bitmap drawingCache = holder.itemView.getDrawingCache(); 
        if (drawingCache != null) { 
 
          bitmaCache.put(String.valueOf(i), drawingCache); 
        } 
        height += holder.itemView.getMeasuredHeight(); 
      } 
 
      bigBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getMeasuredWidth(), height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); 
      Canvas bigCanvas = new Canvas(bigBitmap); 
      Drawable lBackground = view.getBackground(); 
      if (lBackground instanceof ColorDrawable) { 
        ColorDrawable lColorDrawable = (ColorDrawable) lBackground; 
        int lColor = lColorDrawable.getColor(); 
        bigCanvas.drawColor(lColor); 
      } 
 
      for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { 
        Bitmap bitmap = bitmaCache.get(String.valueOf(i)); 
        bigCanvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 0f, iHeight, paint); 
        iHeight += bitmap.getHeight(); 
        bitmap.recycle(); 
      } 
    } 
    return bigBitmap; 
  }

六、WebView截屏

1、截取webView可视区域的截图

/**  
  * 截取webView可视区域的截图  
  * @param webView 前提：WebView要设置webView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);  
  * @return  
  */  
private Bitmap captureWebViewVisibleSize(WebView webView){  
  Bitmap bmp = webView.getDrawingCache();  
  return bmp;  
}

2、截取webView的整个页面

/**  
 * 截取webView快照(webView加载的整个内容的大小)  
 * @param webView  
 * @return  
 */  
private Bitmap captureWebView(WebView webView){  
  Picture snapShot = webView.capturePicture();  
    
  Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(snapShot.getWidth(),snapShot.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);  
  Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bmp);  
  snapShot.draw(canvas);  
  return bmp;  
}

3、截取手机屏幕，获取界面展示的webview

/** 
 * 截屏 
 * 
 * @param context 
 * @return 
 */ 
private Bitmap captureScreen(Activity context) { 
  View cv = context.getWindow().getDecorView(); 
  Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(cv.getWidth(), cv.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); 
  Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bmp); 
  cv.draw(canvas); 
  return bmp; 
}

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