如何在Docker中使用keepalived+nginx实现主从热备？针对这个问题，这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答，希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。
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1，拉取centos7镜像
docker pull centos:7
2,创建容器
docker run -it -d --name centos1 -d centos:7
3,进入容器centos1
docker exec -it centos1 bash
4,安装常用工具
yum updateyum install -y vimyum install -y wgetyum install -y gcc-c++ yum install -y pcre pcre-devel yum install -y zlib zlib-devel yum install -y openssl openssl--develyum install -y popt-develyum install -y initscripts yum install -y net-tools
5，将容器打包成新的镜像，以后直接以该镜像创建容器
docker commit -a 'cfh' -m 'centos with common tools' centos1 centos_base
6,删除之前创建的centos1 容器，重新以基础镜像创建容器，安装keepalived+nginx
docker rm -f centos1 #容器内需要使用systemctl服务，需要加上/usr/sbin/init docker run -it --name centos_temp -d --privileged centos_base /usr/sbin/init docker exec -it centos_temp bash 作者：江湖救急 链接：https://juejin.im/post/5dc517386fb9a04a9272110b 来源：掘金 著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。
7,安装nginx
#使用yum安装nginx需要包括Nginx的库，安装Nginx的库 rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm # 使用下面命令安装nginx yum install -y nginx #启动nginx systemctl start nginx.service #查看是否启动成功,出现nginx欢迎界面表示安装成功 curl 172.17.0.2
8,安装keepalived
1.下载keepalived wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz
2.解压安装：tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
3.下载插件openssl yum install -y openssl openssl-devel（需要安装一个软件包）
4.开始编译keepalivedcd /usr/local/keepalived-1.2.18/ && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
5.make一下 make && make install
9,将keepalived 安装成系统服务
mkdir /etc/keepalivedcp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/然后复制keepalived脚本文件：cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/可以设置开机启动：chkconfig keepalived on，到此我们安装完毕! #若启动报错，则执行下面命令 cd /usr/sbin/ rm -f keepalived cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ #常用命令 systemctl daemon-reload 重新加载systemctl enable keepalived.service 设置开机自动启动systemctl disable keepalived.service 取消开机自动启动systemctl start keepalived.service 启动systemctl stop keepalived.service停止systemctl status keepalived.service 查看服务状态
10,修改/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf文件
#备份配置文件
cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.backup
rm -f keepalived.conf
vim keepalived.conf
#配置文件如下
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
interval 2
weight -20
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 121
mcast_src_ip 172.17.0.6
priority 100
nopreempt
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.17.0.100
}
}11,添加心跳检测文件
vim nginx_check.sh #以下是脚本内容 #!/bin/bash A=`ps -C nginx –no-header |wc -l` if [ $A -eq 0 ];then /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx sleep 2 if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then killall keepalived fi fi
12,给脚本赋予执行权限
chmod +x nginx_check.sh
13,设置开机启动
systemctl enable keepalived.service #开启keepalived systemctl start keepalived.service
14,检测虚拟IP是否成功,在宿主机里面执行下面命令，如果出现nginx欢迎界面表示成功
curl 172.17.0.100
15，将centos_temp 容器重新打包成镜像，然后利用这个新镜像再创建两个容器，实现热备效果
docker commit -a 'cfh' -m 'centos with keepalived nginx' centos_temp centos_kn
16,删除所有容器
docker rm -f `docker ps -a -q`
17，用centos_kn 镜像创建主服务器容器
docker run --privileged -tid --name centos_master --restart=always centos_kn /usr/sbin/init docker exec -it centos_master bash
18，修改centos_master里面nginx 欢迎页,
vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
19,创建从服务器容器
docker run --privileged -tid --name centos_slave --restart=always centos_kn /usr/sbin/init
docker exec -it centos_slave bash
#修改keepalived.conf 配置文件,主要是state和priority两个参数的调整，其中master节点的priority值一定要比slave大才行
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
interval 2
weight -20
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state SLAVE
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 121
mcast_src_ip 172.17.0.6
priority 80
nopreempt
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.17.0.100
}
}20,修改完成之后重新加载
systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart keepalived.service
21,修改nginx欢迎页（若nginx没启动则执行 systemctl start nginx.service）
vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
22,测试
A> 分别在宿主机，centos_master,centos_slave中进行一下命令测试,如果显示都为Master的欢迎页面，说明配置成功1/3
curl 172.17.0.100
B> 此时停止centos_master容器( docker stop centos_master )，保留centos_slave容器，执行以下命令,若切换到Slave页面，则说明keepalived配置成功2/3
curl 172.17.0.100
C> 重启centos_master 容器，此时执行以下命令,看是从Slave切换到了Master,如果切换成功，说明我们配置到此成功了。
curl 172.17.0.100
说明，测试过程中，重启容器之后，nginx没有启动，需要进入容器启动一下，不然访问不到Master页面了，但是可以Ping通。
执行下面命令，配置nginx随机启动,这样不用每次重启容器还需要手动启动nginx
chkconfig nginx on
关于如何在Docker中使用keepalived+nginx实现主从热备问题的解答就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，如果你还有很多疑惑没有解开，可以关注创新互联行业资讯频道了解更多相关知识。
