有两种结构可以选择
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1.if
{}
else if
{}
else if
2.switch
case:
case:
case:
代码为:
#includestdio.h
int main(void)
{ int x,y;
printf("输入x:");
scanf("%d",x); if(x0){
y=-1;
} else if(x=0){
y=0;
} else{
y=1;
}
printf("y=%d",y);
return 0;
}
扩展资料:
计算机函数分类
函数分为全局函数、全局静态函数;在类中还可以定义构造函数、析构函数、拷贝构造函数、成员函数、友元函数、运算符重载函数、内联函数等。
c语言常见函数:
1、main(中文:主函数)。
2、max(中文:求“最大数”的函数)。
3、scanf(中文全称:“格式输入”函数)。
4、printf(中文全称:“格式输出”函数)。
5、gets(中文全称:“标准输入流”函数)。
6、log (以10为底的对数)。
7、sqrt (开平方)。
8、avg (求平均数)。
参考资料来源:百度百科-函数
#includestdio.h /*引用库函数*/
#includestdlib.h
#includectype.h
#includestring.h
typedef struct /*定义结构体数组*/
{
char num[10]; /*学号*/
char name[20]; /*姓名*/
int score; /*成绩*/
}Student;
Student stu[80]; /*结构体数组变量*/
int menu_select() /*菜单函数*/
{
char c;
do{
system("cls"); /*运行前清屏*/
printf("\t\t****Students' Grade Management System****\n"); /*菜单选择*/
printf("\t\t | 1. Input Records |\n");
printf("\t\t | 2. Display All Records |\n");
printf("\t\t | 3. Sort |\n");
printf("\t\t | 4. Insert a Record |\n");
printf("\t\t | 5. Delete a Record |\n");
printf("\t\t | 6. Query |\n");
printf("\t\t | 7. Statistic |\n");
printf("\t\t | 8. Add Records from a Text File|\n");
printf("\t\t | 9. Write to a Text file |\n");
printf("\t\t | 0. Quit |\n");
printf("\t\t*****************************************\n");
printf("\t\t\tGive your Choice(0-9):");
c=getchar(); /*读入选择*/
}while(c'0'||c'9');
return(c-'0'); /*返回选择*/
}
int Input(Student stud[],int n) /*输入若干条记录*/
{int i=0;
char sign,x[10]; /*x[10]为清除多余的数据所用*/
while(sign!='n'sign!='N') /*判断*/
{ printf("\t\t\tstudent's num:"); /*交互输入*/
scanf("\t\t\t%s",stud[n+i].num);
printf("\t\t\tstudent's name:");
scanf("\t\t\t%s",stud[n+i].name);
printf("\t\t\tstudent's score:");
scanf("\t\t\t%d",stud[n+i].score);
gets(x); /*清除多余的输入*/
printf("\t\t\tany more records?(Y/N)");
scanf("\t\t\t%c",sign); /*输入判断*/
i++;
}
return(n+i);
}
void Display(Student stud[],int n) /*显示所有记录*/
{
int i;
printf("\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n"); /*格式头*/
printf("\t\t\tnumber name score\n");
printf("\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n");
for(i=1;in+1;i++) /*循环输入*/
{
printf("\t\t\t%-16s%-15s%d\n",stud[i-1].num,stud[i-1].name,stud[i-1].score);
if(i1i%10==0) /*每十个暂停*/
{printf("\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n"); /*格式*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
printf("\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n");
}
}
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
}
void Sort_by_num(Student stud[],int n) /*按学号排序*/
{ int i,j,*p,*q,s;
char t[10];
for(i=0;in-1;i++) /*冒泡法排序*/
for(j=0;jn-1-i;j++)
if(strcmp(stud[j].num,stud[j+1].num)0)
{strcpy(t,stud[j+1].num);
strcpy(stud[j+1].num,stud[j].num);
strcpy(stud[j].num,t);
strcpy(t,stud[j+1].name);
strcpy(stud[j+1].name,stud[j].name);
strcpy(stud[j].name,t);
p=stud[j+1].score;
q=stud[j].score;
s=*p;
*p=*q;
*q=s;
}
}
int Insert_a_record(Student stud[],int n) /*插入一条记录*/
{char x[10]; /*清除多余输入所用*/
printf("\t\t\tstudent's num:"); /*交互式输入*/
scanf("\t\t\t%s",stud[n].num);
printf("\t\t\tstudent's name:");
scanf("\t\t\t%s",stud[n].name);
printf("\t\t\tstudent's score:");
scanf("\t\t\t%d",stud[n].score);
gets(x);
n++;
Sort_by_num(stud,n); /*调用排序函数*/
printf("\t\t\tInsert Successed!\n"); /*返回成功信息*/
return(n);
}
int Delete_a_record(Student stud[],int n) /*按姓名查找,删除一条记录*/
{ char s[20];
int i=0,j;
printf("\t\t\ttell me his(her) name:"); /*交互式问寻*/
scanf("%s",s);
while(strcmp(stud[i].name,s)!=0in) i++; /*查找判断*/
if(i==n)
{ printf("\t\t\tnot find!\n"); /*返回失败信息*/
return(n);
}
for(j=i;jn-1;j++) /*删除操作*/
{
strcpy(stud[j].num,stud[j+1].num);
strcpy(stud[j].name,stud[j+1].name);
stud[j].score=stud[j+1].score;
}
printf("\t\t\tDelete Successed!\n"); /*返回成功信息*/
return(n-1);
}
void Query_a_record(Student stud[],int n) /*查找并显示一个记录*/
{ char s[20];
int i=0;
printf("\t\t\tinput his(her) name:"); /*交互式输入*/
scanf("\t\t\t%s",s);
while(strcmp(stud[i].name,s)!=0in) i++; /*查找判断*/
if(i==n)
{ printf("\t\t\tnot find!\n"); /*输入失败信息*/
return;
}
printf("\t\t\this(her) number:%s\n",stud[i].num); /*输出该学生信息*/
printf("\t\t\this(her) score:%d\n",stud[i].score);
}
void Statistic(Student stud[],int n) /*新增功能,输出统计信息*/
{ int i,j=0,k=0,sum=0;
float aver; /*成绩平均值*/
for(i=0;in;i++) /*循环输入判断*/
{
sum+=stud[i].score;
if(stud[j].scorestud[i].score) j=i;
if(stud[k].scorestud[i].score) k=i;
}
aver=1.0*sum/n;
printf("\t\t\tthere are %d records.\n",n); /*总共记录数*/
printf("\t\t\tthe hignest score:\n"); /*最高分*/
printf("\t\t\tnumber:%s name:%s score:%d\n",stud[j].num,stud[j].name,stud[j].score);
printf("\t\t\tthe lowest score:\n"); /*最低分*/
printf("\t\t\tnumber:%s name:%s score:%d\n",stud[k].num,stud[k].name,stud[k].score);
printf("\t\t\tthe average score is %5.2f\n",aver); /*平均分*/
}
int AddfromText(Student stud[],int n) /*从文件中读入数据*/
{ int i=0,num;
FILE *fp; /*定义文件指针*/
char filename[20]; /*定义文件名*/
printf("\t\t\tInput the filename:");
scanf("\t\t\t%s",filename); /*输入文件名*/
if((fp=fopen(filename,"rb"))==NULL) /*打开文件*/
{ printf("\t\t\tcann't open the file\n"); /*打开失败信息*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
return(n);
}
fscanf(fp,"%d",num); /*读入总记录量*/
while(inum) /*循环读入数据*/
{
fscanf(fp,"%s%s%d",stud[n+i].num,stud[n+i].name,stud[n+i].score);
i++;
}
n+=num;
fclose(fp); /*关闭文件*/
printf("\t\t\tSuccessed!\n");
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
return(n);
}
void WritetoText(Student stud[],int n) /*将所有记录写入文件*/
{
int i=0;
FILE *fp; /*定义文件指针*/
char filename[20]; /*定义文件名*/
printf("\t\t\tWrite Records to a Text File\n"); /*输入文件名*/
printf("\t\t\tInput the filename:");
scanf("\t\t\t%s",filename);
if((fp=fopen(filename,"w"))==NULL) /*打开文件*/
{
printf("\t\t\tcann't open the file\n");
system("pause");
return;
}
fprintf(fp,"%d\n",n); /*循环写入数据*/
while(in)
{
fprintf(fp,"%-16s%-15s%d\n",stud[i].num,stud[i].name,stud[i].score);
i++;
}
fclose(fp); /*关闭文件*/
printf("Successed!\n"); /*返回成功信息*/
}
void main() /*主函数*/
{
int n=0;
for(;;)
{
switch(menu_select()) /*选择判断*/
{
case 1:
printf("\t\t\tInput Records\n"); /*输入若干条记录*/
n=Input(stu,n);
break;
case 2:
printf("\t\t\tDisplay All Records\n"); /*显示所有记录*/
Display(stu,n);
break;
case 3:
printf("\t\t\tSort\n");
Sort_by_num(stu,n); /*按学号排序*/
printf("\t\t\tSort Suceessed!\n");
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 4:
printf("\t\t\tInsert a Record\n");
n=Insert_a_record(stu,n); /*插入一条记录*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 5:
printf("\t\t\tDelete a Record\n");
n=Delete_a_record(stu,n); /*按姓名查找,删除一条记录*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 6:
printf("\t\t\tQuery\n");
Query_a_record(stu,n); /*查找并显示一个记录*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 7:
printf("\t\t\tStatistic\n");
Statistic(stu,n); /*新增功能,输出统计信息*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 8:
printf("\t\t\tAdd Records from a Text File\n");
n=AddfromText(stu,n); /*新增功能,输出统计信息*/
break;
case 9:
printf("\t\t\tWrite to a Text file\n");
WritetoText(stu,n); /*循环写入数据*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 0:
printf("\t\t\tHave a Good Luck,Bye-bye!\n"); /*结束程序*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
exit(0);
}
}
}
1、输入1000个整数,用选择法将它们从大到小排序输出。
#includestdio.h
#define N 1000
void main()
{
int a[N],i,j,temp;
for(i=0;iN;i++) scanf("%d",a[i]);
for(i=0;iN;i++) {
for(j=i+1;jN;j++)
if(a[j]a[i]) { temp=a[i]; a[i]=a[j]; a[j]=temp; }
printf("%6d",a[i]);
}
getchar();
}
2、输入正整数n、正实数x后,计算x的n平方的值并输出。要求将计算x的n平方的运算写成函数mypow(x,n),函数返回值的类型为double。
#includestdio.h
double mypow(float x,int n){
int i=0;
double k=1;
while(in) { k*=x; i++;}
return k;
}
void main()
{
int i;
float j;
scanf("%d%f",i,j);
printf("%f",mypow(i,j));
getchar();
}
3、输入浮点数x,计算并输出下列分段函数sign(x)的值,y=sign(x)={
-1 x0
0 x=0
1 x0
#includestdio.h
void main()
{
int i=0;
float j;
scanf("%f",j);
if(j0) i=-1;
else if(j0) i=1;
printf("%d\n",i);
getchar();
}
4、输入100个正整数,求所有偶数之和。
#includestdio.h
#define N 100
void main()
{
int i,j=0,k=0;
for(i=0;iN;i++){
scanf("%d",j);
if(j%2==0) k+=j;
}
printf("%d\n",k);
}
#include iostream.h
int sign(int x);
int main()
{
int a=1;
while(a!=0)
{
cout"Input a number:"endl;
cina;
cout"Its sign is :"sign(a)endl;
}
return 0;
}
int sign(int x)
{
if(x0) return 1;
if(x0) return -1;
else return 0;
}
int sign(int x) //或float x 或 double x都可以
{if(x==0)return 0;
if(x0)return 1;
return -1;
}